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歷屆高考詞序考點簡析
詞序是高考試題中常考的內(nèi)容，同時也是中學教材的重點和難點。為便于同學們復習，下面我們把高考中 所出現(xiàn)的各種詞序題歸類簡析如下：一、短語動詞中賓語的位置
（79MET）. If you don't know the word, why don't you______in the dictionary.
（A）look at it （B）look after it
（C）look up it （D）look it up
析：答案為D。其意指“查（字典等）”，A意為“看”，B 意為“照顧”均不符題意，故排除。由動詞加 副詞構成的短語，其賓語是名詞時，賓語可放在整個短語后面，也可插在動詞與副詞之間，但賓語是代詞時， 代詞賓語只能插在動詞與副詞之間。
試題選練：（畫線項為答案，下同）
（83MET）.If you are at home this evening, I'll________.
（A）ring you on （B）ring upon you
（C）ring to you （D）ring you up
──────-
（78MET）.I need a day or two________
（A）to think it over
──────────
（B）to think over it
（C）of thinking
二、虛擬語氣省略if時的詞序
（95上海）.______ for the free tickets, I would not havegone to the films so often.
（A）If it is not
（B）Were it not
（C）Had it not been
（D）If they were not
析：答案為C。這是一個與過去相反的虛擬條件從句的省略形式，當從句中的if省略時，從句要用倒裝句。 這類倒裝句只需將助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞提至主語前即可。常見句式更換如下：
a.與現(xiàn)在相反：If I were you (=Were I you) , I would go
──with him.
b.與過去相反：If I had had time then (=Had I had time
──then), I would have gone with you.
c.與將來相反：If I were to visit/should visit/visited the Great Wall tomorrow, (=Were I to /Should I visit the Great
── ───Wall tomorrow), I would take my son with me.
注意：在否定句中not不可提至主語前，如：
（誤）Weren't I here now, I would be in the bus.
────
（正）Were I not here now, I would be in the bus.
──
試題選練：（94上海）.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Y angpu Bridge.
（A）Were （B）Should
────
（C）Would （D）Will
_______ your letter, I would have written back two daysago.
（A）If I received
（B）Should Ireceive
（C）Had I received
────────
（D）If I could have received
三、否定詞放在句首時的詞序
（91MET）"Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?" "I don't know,_____
（A）nor don't I care
（B）nor do I care
（C）I don't care neither
（D）I don't care also
析：答案為B。A項多了not，C項、D項分別要改neither、 also 為either。否定詞作狀語放在句首時要用 倒裝句，倒
裝句只需將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、系動詞be提至主語首即可（見例2）。 實意動詞的倒裝要在主語前 面加助動詞 do，does，did等，此時謂語動詞要用動詞原形（見例1）。常見的否定詞或結(jié)構有：neither/nor /never/hardly/ little/seldom/ scarcely/ barely/ not until/no sooner than/hardly when/not only…b ut also/at no time/not once/by no means
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