介詞短語在句中分析與翻譯的實例05

介詞短語在句中分析與翻譯的實例05

56．Weather is a product of many pLysical factors operating in and on the troposphere with the　principal ones being the unequal heating of the earth's surface by the sun and the rather rapid rota　tion of the planet on its axis．

　　天氣是許多自然因素在對流層中起作用并對其施加影響的結果，其中太陽對地球表面加熱不均等和地球自轉比較快則是主要的因素。(with引導的復合結構作定語，用來修飾factors，ones代替factors。)



　　57．It is the village which suffers most，for it is not easy to break the traditional bonds uniting agriculturist families to families of craftsmen，nor to dispel the idea that some one who follows the　traditional calling of this caste is acting in a more“suitable"　way than some one who takes up a different occupation．

　　鄉村受害最大，因為從事農業家庭與從事手工業家庭的傳統結合是很難分割的。此外，一些人認為一個人遵照等級制度的傳統職業來辦事要比從事不同的職業更為"合適”，這種想法也很難去掉。　(his．．．which為強調句型，強調主語the village．原句是簡單句，The village　suffers most．for是連詞，“因為”。uniting．．．to，“把……與……連接”，是分詞短語作定語修飾bonds。nor連詞，連接兩個并列成分，把to break．．．和to dispel．．．兩個不定式短語連接起 來。that．．．occupation為同位語從句，用來揭示idea的概念內涵。calling意為“職業”，與occupation相呼應。ina．．．way，“以……方式”。)



　　58．Forging and press-production methods of shaping metal are of tremendous importance in machine-building in general，and in automobile and tractor industry in particular．



　　金屬成形的鍛壓加工方法，一般在機器制造業、特別是在汽車和拖拉機工業中具有重大意義.(be of...“具有”。in general，“通常”；in particular，“特別”，這兩個短語介詞在句中作插入語用。)



　　59．In fact, in the nineteeth century people used to make gardens in the shape of aclock face，with different flowers opening at different times．

在19世紀，人們常常把花園做成鐘盤形，不同的花在不同的時間開放。　(with引導的復合結構有定語的意味，用來對the shape of a clock進行修飾。)



　60．The modern scientific method Was born with Galileo in the 17th century；however，the development of the natural sciences began to gain speed only in the latter part of the 18th and the early part of the 19th centuries．

　　現代科學方法產生于17世紀的伽利略時代；然而，只是在18世紀后期和19世紀初期，自然科學才開始迅速發展。(with Galileo．．．century有表示時間與空間范圍之意，這里是表示時間即伽利略時代。)



　　61．All of the atoms of an element contain the same number of protons in their muclei，　and the atoms of one element differ from those of all other elements in the number of protons so contained．

　　同一種元素的所有原子的原子核中含有的質子數都是相同的，而一種元素的原子與其他一切元素的原子的不同點，就在于它們含有的質子數不同。(AdiffersfromBinC．A與B在C方面是不同的。句中in the number．．．是differ要求的。)



　　62．The kinds of evidence for the roundness of the world that led finally to its general accep　tance included such data as the shape of the shadow of the earth on the moon during an eclipse of the　moon，the fact that as one sails from port on a ship the building of the port gradually seem to sink　below the surface of the water，and，most convincing，the fact that it is possible to sail all around　the world and return to the starting point of the voyage．

　　最終為人們普遍接受的有關地球是圓形的種種論據，包括

：月蝕時地球投在月球表面的陰影形狀；當人們乘船離開港口時，港口的建筑物似乎逐漸沉入水下；而最令人信服的是，人們環繞地球航行時，有可能又回到原來的起航點。(The kinds為主句中的主語，謂語是included。

介詞as引導三個并列同位語：shape，the fact，the fact，說明data。在兩個fact后的that都引出同位語從句。)



　　63．The technological breakthrough and the lndustrial Revolution brought with them a mastery of food production and control of infectious disease that reduced the normal death-rate to below 1.5 per cent．

技術革新和工業革命促進了食品生產，控制了傳染病的流行，這使人口正常死亡率降到1.5％以下。(to below是雙重介詞，reduce．．．tobelow，“降到……以下”。)　　



　　64．There are a few specially designed homes that are heated primarily by the sun but there is no practical and economic means for converting solar energy directly into that great convenience，electricity．

　　現在已有一些專門設計的住宅主要利用太陽能取暖，但還沒有一種實用和經濟的辦法把太陽能直接轉化為便于使用的電能。(介詞短語for．．．electridty用來修飾means。，oonverting．．．into，“把……轉化為……”。)



　　65．A balance consists of an arlTl balanced at its middle，　with known weights hung on one hand and the object whose weight is to be found on the other．

　　天平由一個在中央平衡的臂組成，已知重量的砝碼掛在平衡臂的一端，而把要稱出重量的物體掛在平衡臂的另一端。　(分詞短語balanced at its middle用來修飾arm。with...weights hung…是介詞復合結構，用來對balance作補充說明，過去分詞known作定語，修飾weights。hung是hang的過去分詞。)　

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